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He aha ka hewa i nā kuhikuhi EU SUP?Kūʻē?Kākoʻo ʻia?
Heluhelu kumu: Ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa mau ka hoʻomalu ʻana o ka pollution plastic, a he mau leo like ʻole i loko o ka SUP European Union.
Wahi a ka Paukū 12 o ka Disposable Plastics Directive, pono e hoʻopuka ke Komisina ʻEulopa i kēia alakaʻi ma mua o Iulai 3, 2021. Ua lohi ka paʻi ʻana o kēia alakaʻi no kahi makahiki hoʻokahi, akā ʻaʻole ia i hoʻololi i kekahi o nā palena manawa i kuhikuhi ʻia ma ke kuhikuhi.
ʻO ka Disposable Plastics Directive (EU) 2019/904 ka pāpā ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau huahana plastic disposable, me:
ʻO nā lako pākaukau, nā pā, nā ʻōpala (koe nā mea lapaʻau), nā mea hui inu
ʻO kekahi mau pahu meaʻai i hana ʻia me ka polystyrene i hoʻonui ʻia
ʻO nā ipu inu a me nā kīʻaha i hana ʻia me ka polystyrene i hoʻonui ʻia
A me nā huahana i hana ʻia me nā plastic oxidizable a degradable
Hoʻomaka mai Iulai 3, 2021.
Kākoʻo a kūʻē paha nā ʻāina lālā like ʻole i kēia alakaʻi?He mea paʻakikī loa ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻae a hōʻike i nā manaʻo like ʻole.
Kūʻē ikaika ʻo Italia iā ia no ka mea ʻo ka mea hoʻohana i ʻae ʻia ʻo ka recyclable recycled plastic.
Ua loaʻa ka hopena o ka European SUP (Disposable Plastics) i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana plastik Italia a ua ʻāhewa ʻia e nā luna nui o Italia no ka pāpā ʻana i nā plastic biodegradable a me ka compostable, me Italia ke alakaʻi nei i kēia ʻano.
Ua ʻāhewa pū ʻo Confindustria i nā alakaʻi noi SUP Directive i ʻae ʻia e ka European Commission, ka mea i hoʻonui i ka pāpā ʻana i nā huahana me ka ʻilika ma lalo o 10%.
Kākoʻo ʻo Ireland i ke kuhikuhi SUP, e hōʻemi ana i ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā plastic disposable a me ka nānā ʻana i ka hana hou.
Manaʻo ʻo Ireland e alakaʻi i nā mea hou i kēia kahua ma o nā kumu hoʻoikaika kulekele.Eia kekahi mau hana a lākou e hana ai:
(1) Hoʻomaka i ka papahana hoʻihoʻi kālā
Ua hoʻohiki ka Circular Economy Waste Action Plan e hoʻomaka i kahi papahana waihona a hoʻihoʻi hou no nā ʻōmole plastik a me nā kini inu alumini ma ka hāʻule o 2022. ʻO ka pane i loaʻa mai ka kūkākūkā lehulehu e hōʻike ana i ka makemake nui o nā kamaʻāina e hoʻokō koke i kēia hoʻolālā.
ʻO ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka pilikia o ka sup, ʻaʻole ia e pili ana i ka pale ʻana i ka ʻōpala, akā pono pū kekahi e noʻonoʻo nui i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka pōʻai pōʻai, pono e ʻike ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā hana nui i hana ʻia e nā ʻāpana āpau e hoʻoponopono i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniau.
He manawa kūpono ko ʻIlelani e hāpai a hoʻolaha i nā hana a me nā hana e hōʻemi ai i ka hoʻohana waiwai i mea e hoʻokō ai i kā mākou papahana hoʻokele waiwai.Ua manaʻo ʻia ma muli o ka nalo ʻana o nā mea hoʻopihapiha plastik, nalowale ka ʻoihana honua i $ 8-120 biliona i kēlā me kēia makahiki - ʻo 5% wale nō o ka waiwai waiwai i mālama ʻia no ka hoʻohana hou ʻana.
(2) E ho'ēmi i ka hilinaʻi iā SUP
Ma kā mākou Circular Economy Waste Action Plan, ua kūpaʻa mākou e hōʻemi nui i ka nui o nā kīʻaha SUP a me nā ipu meaʻai a mākou e hoʻohana ai.E ʻimi mākou i nā ʻano hana hou aʻe e hōʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana plastic disposable, e like me ka holoi ʻana, nā ʻeke plastik i loko o nā hale lole, a me nā ʻeke ʻono meaʻai.
ʻO kā mākou hopohopo mua ʻo ka 22000 kīʻaha kope i hana ʻia i kēlā me kēia hola ma Ireland.ʻAʻole hiki ke pale ʻia kēia, no ka mea aia nā mea hoʻohana hou a koho nā mea kūʻai aku e hōʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana, he mea koʻikoʻi ia no ka manawa hoʻololi o ka hoʻokō kauoha.
Manaʻo mākou e paipai i nā mea kūʻai aku e hana i nā koho kūpono ma o kēia mau hana:
E like me ka ʻauhau ʻeke plastik, e ʻauhau ʻia i nā kīʻaha kope a pau (me ka compostable/biodegradable) i 2022.
E hoʻomaka ana mai 2022, e hoʻāʻo mākou e pāpā i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kīʻaha kīʻaha pono ʻole (e like me ka noho ʻana i kahi hale kūʻai kofe)
E hoʻomaka ana mai 2022, e koi mākou i nā mea kūʻai aku e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā kumukūʻai no nā mea kūʻai aku e makemake e hoʻohana i nā kīʻaha hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia.
E alakaʻi mākou i nā papahana hoʻokele ma nā wahi kūpono a me nā kūlanakauhale i koho ʻia, e hoʻopau loa i nā kīʻaha kofe, a i ka hopena e loaʻa i kahi pāpā piha.
Kākoʻo i ka ʻahaʻaina a i ʻole nā mea hoʻonohonoho hanana nui ʻē aʻe e hoʻololi mai nā huahana hoʻopau i nā huahana hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia ma o ka laikini a i ʻole nā ʻōnaehana hoʻolālā.
(3) Hoʻonui i ke kuleana o nā mea hana
Ma ka hoʻokele waiwai pōʻai maoli, pono nā mea hana i ke kuleana no ka hoʻomau ʻana o nā huahana a lākou e kau ai ma ka mākeke.ʻO ka Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) kahi ʻano kulekele kaiapuni kahi e hoʻonui ai ke kuleana o ka mea hana i ka pae ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana o ke ola o ka huahana.
Ma Irelani, ua hoʻohana maikaʻi mākou i kēia ʻano hana no ka mālama ʻana i nā kahawai ʻōpala he nui, e like me nā lako uila i hoʻolei ʻia, nā pākaukau, ka ʻeke, nā kaila, a me nā plastik mahiʻai.
Ma muli o kēia kūleʻa, e hoʻolauna mākou i nā hoʻonā EPR hou no nā huahana SUP he nui:
Nā huahana paka me nā kānana plastik (ma mua o Ianuali 5, 2023)
Holoi pulu (ma mua o Dekemaba 31, 2024)
Baluna (ma mua o Dekemaba 31, 2024)
ʻOiai ʻaʻole ia he papahana SUP, e hoʻolauna pū mākou i kahi kulekele e kuhikuhi ana i nā mea lawaiʻa plastik ma mua o Dekemaba 31, 2024 e hōʻemi i ka ʻōpala palaka moana.
(4) E pāpā i ka waiho ʻana i kēia mau huahana ma ka mākeke
E hoʻomaka ana ke kuhikuhi i ka lā 3 o Iulai, a mai ia lā, e pāpā ʻia nā huahana plastic disposable mai ka waiho ʻana ma ka mākeke Irish:
· Pipette
· Mea hoʻonāukiuki
pāpaʻi
lako papaʻaina
lāʻau kuʻi
Nā kīʻaha polystyrene a me nā pahu meaʻai
pulupulu pulupulu
ʻO nā huahana āpau i loaʻa nā plastic degradable oxidative (ʻaʻole wale nā huahana plastic disposable)
Eia hou, mai Iulai 3, 2024, ʻaʻole e kūʻai ʻia nā ipu inu (ʻo ka pahu, pahu pahu, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 3 lita.
E hoʻomaka ana mai Ianuali 2030, ʻaʻole e hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōmole plastik i loaʻa ʻole he 30% mea hoʻohana hou.
Nūhou Pākē i wae ʻia:
E hoʻomaka ana mai Iulai 3rd, pono nā mokuʻāina o EU e haʻi aloha aku i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā plastic disposable a biodegradable, a e ʻae wale i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā plastic recyclable.Ua hoʻoholo ke Komisina ʻEulopa ʻaʻole hiki ke kau ʻia ma ka mākeke EU no ka mea manaʻoʻiʻo ia he mea pōʻino nā plastics i ke ola kai, biodiversity, a me ko mākou olakino.ʻO ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana plastic disposable hiki ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ke olakino kanaka a me ka Honua.
Hiki i kēia kulekele ke hoʻopilikia nui i ke ola a me ka hana o kā mākou mau hoa Pākē a me nā alanui.
E nānā kākou i nā mea e hoʻololi mālie ʻia e nā mea ʻē aʻe ma hope o Iulai 3rd:
No ka laʻana, i loko o ka pāʻina, nā baluna, nā pāpale omole me ka hiki ʻole o 3 mau lita, nā kīʻaha polystyrene foam, nā papa ʻaina hoʻopau, nā ʻōpala, a me nā papa, ʻae ʻia nā huahana reusable e hoʻohana.
E hoʻololi hou ʻia ka ʻoihana ʻai meaʻai, me ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻana o ka meaʻai i nā plastic biodegradable a me ka pepa wale nō.
He mau lole hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻi, nā pulupulu, nā holoi, nā ʻeke, a me nā pulupulu.E hoʻololi hou ʻia nā ʻaoʻao kānana o ka paka, a e pāpā pū ka ʻoihana lawaiʻa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea paahana (e like me ka Greenpeace, 640000 tons o nā ʻupena lawaiʻa a me nā mea paahana i hoʻolei ʻia i loko o ke kai i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a ʻo ia ka mea nui. nā mea hewa i ka luku ʻana i ke kai)
E mālama ʻia kēia mau huahana ma o nā ʻano hana like ʻole, e like me ka hōʻemi ʻana i kā lākou ʻai ʻana a me nā mea hana e uku ana i nā 'uku pollution'.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia kēlā mau hana i ka hoʻohewa a me ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa mai nā ʻāina he nui, no ka mea, he hopena koʻikoʻi kēia neʻe i nā hana 160000 a me ka ʻoihana plastik holoʻokoʻa ma Italia.
A ke hana nei ʻo Italia i nā mea āpau e kūʻē, i nā hola i hala iho nei, ua kūʻē ʻo Roberto Cingolani, ke Kuhina o ka Hoʻololi ʻĀina: "He mea ʻē loa ka wehewehe ʻana o ka EU no ka pāpā plastic.Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā plastic recyclable a ʻaʻole e ʻae i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā plastic biodegradable.Ke alakaʻi nei ko mākou ʻāina i ke kahua o nā plastic biodegradable, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana iā lākou no ka mea aia kahi kuhikuhi hoʻohenehene e ʻōlelo nei 'hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā plastic recyclable'.
E pili ana paha kēia i ka lawe ʻana aku i nā waiwai liʻiliʻi mai Kina.I ka wā e hiki mai ana, hiki ke hoʻokuʻu aku i nā huahana plastik i nā ʻāina EU i nā palena a me nā koi waiwai.Hoʻopili nui ka European Union i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni, ʻo ia ke kumu i nui ai nā kahakai kaulana, nā kai maikaʻi a māmā, a me nā ululāʻau ulu.
ʻAʻole maopopo iaʻu inā ʻike nā mea a pau, no ka laʻana, ua hoʻololi mālie ka meaʻai wikiwiki e like me McDonald's i nā mauʻu plastik a me nā poʻi kīʻaha me nā poʻi pepa a me nā poʻi mauʻu.Malia paha i ka wā mua o ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā ana, ʻaʻole i maʻa nā kānaka iā lākou, akā e ʻae ʻia lākou e like me ke ʻano maʻamau.
Ka nānā ʻana i nā mea nui a me nā pahuhopu EU plastic policy:
E hiki koke mai ana nā hoʻololi nui, akā inā e ʻae mākou iā lākou, hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa nā pōmaikaʻi waiwai, kaiapuni, a me ka pilikanaka, a kau iā ʻIlelani i mua o ka hoʻololi hoʻokele waiwai.
1. E hoʻokumu i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻopaʻa ʻia e hōʻemi i ka nui o ka lawe ʻana a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o nā plastics
Ma mua, ʻo ke ʻano maʻamau o ka mālama ʻana i nā plastic plastics ma ʻEulopa, ʻo ia ka lawe ʻana iā lākou i Kina a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ʻAsia, a i ʻole nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi ma ʻAmelika Hema.A ʻo kēia mau ʻoihana liʻiliʻi he liʻiliʻi loa ka hiki ke mālama i ka plastik, a ʻo ka hopena hiki ke haʻalele a kanu ʻia paha ka ʻōpala ma nā kuaʻāina, e hoʻomāinoino ai i ke kaiapuni.I kēia manawa, ua pani ʻo Kina i ka puka i "nā ʻōpala haole", kahi e hoʻoikaika ai i ka European Union e hoʻoikaika i kāna mālama ʻana i nā plastics.
2. E kūkulu hou aku i nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i hope
3. Hoʻonui i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka plastic ma ke kumu a hoʻoikaika i ka hana hou ʻana
ʻO ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka plastic i ke kumu ke kumu nui o nā kulekele plastik e hiki mai ana.No ka ho'ēmiʻana i ka hanaʻino, pono e hāʻawi i ka mea nui i ka ho'ēmi a me ka hoʻohana houʻana i ke kumu, aʻo ka hana houʻana he "hoʻolālā koho".
4. E hoʻomaikaʻi i ka recyclability huahana
'O ka 'palapala koho' o ka hana hou 'ana e pili ana i ke kulekele o ka paipai 'ana i ka po'e hana hana e ho'omaika'i i ka lō'ihi o kā lākou huahana a me ka ho'onohonoho 'ana i ka ha'aha'a ha'aha'a o ka hana hou 'ana ('o ia ho'i ka hapa o nā mea hiki ke ho'ohana hou 'ia i loko o ka pahu 'ilika) i pane aku i ka ho'ohana 'ole 'ia o ka plastic.Ma ʻaneʻi, pono e lilo ka 'Green Public Procurement' i kekahi o nā kūlana ʻoihana koʻikoʻi.
5. Kūkākūkā i ka hiki ke ʻauhau i ka ʻauhau plastik
Ke kūkākūkā nei ka European Union inā e ʻauhau ʻia ka ʻauhau plastik, akā inā e hoʻokō ʻia kāna mau kulekele kikoʻī ʻaʻole maopopo.
Ua hāʻawi pū ʻo Mr. Favoino i kekahi mau kumukūʻai hoʻoheheʻe ʻilika EU: ʻo 15% wale nō ka nui o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka plastik honua, ʻoiai ma ʻEulopa he 40% -50%.
Mahalo kēia i ka ʻōnaehana Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka European Union, kahi e koi ʻia ai nā mea hana e lawe i kahi hapa o nā kumukūʻai hana hou.Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai me ia ʻōnaehana, ʻo 50% wale nō o ka palaki plastik ma ʻEulopa e hana hou ʻia.No laila, ʻaʻole lawa ka hana hou ʻana o nā plastics.
Inā ʻaʻohe ana e hana ʻia e like me nā ʻano o kēia manawa, e pāpālua ʻia ka hana ʻilika honua i ka makahiki 2050, a ʻoi aku ke kaumaha o ka plastic i loko o ke kai i ka nui o ke kaumaha o nā iʻa.
Feel free to discuss with William : williamchan@yitolibrary.com
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Oct-16-2023